Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) is a method for verifying a user’s identity that requires more than two verifiable pieces of information from different categories. It is therefore an additional layer of security compared to Single-Factor Authentication (SFA), which more effectively protects sensitive data from unauthorized access.
MFA: How it works
The user enters the first verifiable piece of information, which can be a password, for example (knowledge factor). After successful entry of the first information, further verifiable information is requested, such as a one-time password (possession factor) and a fingerprint (inherent factor). All provided information is then compared with the authentication data stored in the system. Only when all information is verified and matches, the user is granted access; otherwise, access is denied.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages:
- Very high security through the combination of multiple factors.
- Significantly reduces the risk of unauthorized access.
Disadvantages:
- Increased effort for users, as multiple steps are required for verification.
- Higher implementation costs and potentially more complex infrastructure.
Application examples
If a company plans to introduce a BYOD strategy, where employees can use their own devices in the company, Multi-Factor Authentication should be implemented. It is an important means of ensuring that personal devices accessing company resources are securely authenticated. Remote work or mobile working also requires higher protective measures and should be accompanied by an MFA policy.
