Backbone

An Internet backbone is thus the main connection point for various sub-networks to enable global data exchange. Similar to the spine in the human body, backbones are the main arteries through which large amounts of data are transmitted between various nodes. These network core areas are characterized by high-performance connections, typically run via fiber optic lines, but also satellite connections.

The physical connection points between the backbones, known as Points of Presence (PoPs), serve as interfaces for data transfer between different network operators and ensure that data traffic is forwarded efficiently and reliably. Redundancy and backup of backbone networks ensure high availability and performance, even in the event of potential disruptions or damage to transmission lines.