A router is an essential device in network technology that controls data traffic between different networks. It enables the connection of devices such as computers, smartphones, and tablets to the internet and ensures that data efficiently reaches its destination.
Router: Main Functions
Using routing tables and protocols, the router finds the best path for data packets: This is where its name comes from. It forwards data packets between networks and thus has a data transmission function. Since modern versions often have an integrated firewall that protects the network from unauthorized access, they also increase data security.
Differences from Other Devices
- A hub distributes data packets to all network devices without analyzing the destination.
- A switch forwards data specifically to the correct device.
- The router, on the other hand, connects different networks and determines the best paths for data.
Routing Principles
The principle of static routing contrasts with that of dynamic routing: In the former, routes are manually defined and offer high control but low flexibility. In dynamic routing, the router automatically adapts to changes in the network and uses protocols such as OSPF and BGP.
Areas of Application
In home networks, routers provide WLAN, firewall, and simple management. In corporate networks, they connect many devices and support VPNs and QoS (Quality of Service) for prioritized data traffic. They are also needed in industry and for Internet Service Providers: Here, high-performance routers handle large volumes of data traffic.
